Lego simple mechanisms description

 Category description

The sets in this series provide ample opportunities for both teachers and children. The activities build on children's natural desire to explore, imagine and learn. We offer multi-functional kits and manuals for your students.

Educational LEGO construction kits for primary and secondary school students. With them, children will learn to design simple mechanisms and learn the basics of mechanics, dynamics and physics. In these sets you can find such entertaining devices as a windmill, solar battery or voltmeter.

Machines and mechanisms (for children 5-11 years old and older)

This large series includes sets under the general name “Machines and Mechanisms”. Based on the created models, school students better understand physics, understand the principle of movement of cars, learn about the structure of mechanisms, and learn to design and invent independently!

We provide you with resources to teach the basic principles of science, math, and technology. They provide students with the opportunity to build and study practical models of machines and mechanisms. By conducting experiments and observing models in action, students can improve them and develop new solutions.

Educational sets can be divided into three groups:

• "Introduction to the topic." From multi-colored bright cubes and all kinds of additions to them, you can create the simplest models: towers, bridges, walls, cranes, which will teach children about concepts such as stability, balance, effort. These kits will allow the child to prepare for the next, higher level of learning.

Young children understand the world around them by creating models and playing with them. At the same time, they become familiar with such concepts as balance, stability, buoyancy, etc.

• Simple mechanisms. This is already the basics of mechanics! Designer sets will allow you to show kids how gears, wheels on axles, pulleys, and levers work, so they can then explore them! During the classes, children will become familiar with new terms and gain skills in predicting results. The constructed models have good functionality, allowing one to understand what translational transmission is.

These construction toys allow children to better understand and explore the simple and complex mechanisms that surround them in everyday life: gears, axles, levers and pulleys. Classes include forecasting and recording the results obtained, and memorizing the relevant terms.

• Technology and physics. More complex models that are suitable for secondary school students to study in physics lessons. Children will be able to build the models described in the instructions, as well as their own. The kits give schoolchildren knowledge in the field of physics and introduce them to energy and electricity. Of particular interest to them are the “Pneumatics” and “Energy Sources” sets, as well as a real voltmeter! Using their example, the child will learn about what a windmill is, a solar battery, how a pneumatic cylinder works and what electric current is.

Children deepen their knowledge of the relationship between force and motion and become familiar with the concept of energy. They begin to build more complex models (including their own designs) and use them to make accurate measurements, recording the results.

Learning goals

• planning and conducting simple research
• discussion of the results of forces acting on a moving object
• observing, forecasting and recording results
• exploring the concepts of gravity, friction and aerodynamic drag
• measuring forces and determining the direction of their action

• assembly, testing and evaluation of elementary models
• description of the main characteristics of simple mechanisms
• search for technical solutions for the use of mechanisms and pneumatic machines for moving objects
• study of mechanical and pneumatic control systems

Development of creative abilities :

• analysis of proposed ideas
• design of objects for various purposes

• organization of practical classes on the study of figures and spatial relationships
• search for solutions to problems and their argumentation
• strengthening counting skills, arithmetic calculations and measurements
• strengthening skills with fractions, percentages and numbers

The special value of the LEGO Education series Educational sets is that children independently assemble, test and evaluate the resulting models, look for ways to solve problems, and study many physical concepts, which helps them later in school and in practical terms.

All basic sets include additional materials for work in the classroom and at home, including a disk with programs and materials, as well as workbooks. By combining theory and practice, schoolchildren learn the material much better.

Please note that in accordance with Federal Law N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”, organizations engaged in educational activities organize the training and education of students with disabilities, both together with other students and in separate classes or groups.

Please note that from September 1, 2022, new federal state standards (FSES) for primary general education (GEE) No. 286 and basic general education (BGE) No. 287 come into force. Now the requirements for teaching each subject are formulated extremely clearly: it is stated what specific results students must achieve. The emphasis is on practical skills and their application in life.

We have prepared 2 courses on the updated Federal State Educational Standards, which will help you understand all the intricacies and successfully apply them in your work. Only until June 30, you can take distance learning with a 40% discount and receive a certificate.

Municipal educational institution Lyceum No. 1

Tutaevsky municipal district

Extracurricular activity program for light engineering

"Lightweight construction. Simple mechanisms"

Age of students: 7 – 9 years

Implementation period: 1 year

Berdakova Alena Vasilievna,

primary school teacher,

Buzetskaya Olga Borisovna,

primary school teacher

Kashina Oksana Valerievna,

Municipal Educational Institution "LAD" Yaroslavl

2018
Explanatory note

“If a child did not learn in childhood

create, then in life he will

just imitate and copy"

The program of extracurricular activities in light engineering "Simple Mechanisms" (hereinafter referred to as the program) is a model for organizing the educational process in the Municipal Educational Institution Lyceum No. 1 of the Tutaevsky Municipal District (hereinafter referred to as Municipal Educational Institution Lyceum No. 1) and was developed within the framework of the RIP "Educational Network "Children's Technopark" as an environment development of engineering, technical, research, and inventive competencies.” The program is developed on the basis of the regulatory framework:

· Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” (as amended);

The program is modified, developed on the basis of the author's program of the LEGO® Education Company “Set of tasks 2009689 for set 9689 “Simple Mechanisms”, Germany, LEGO GROUP, DK-7190 Billund, file:///E:/assets/languages/russia/introduction /sub_pages/introduction/introduction.html .

At the present stage, under the conditions of the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard, there is a need to organize activities aimed at meeting the needs of the child and the requirements of society in those areas that contribute to the implementation of the main tasks of scientific and technological progress. Such modern trends in educational institutions include light engineering.

Lego is one of the most famous and widespread pedagogical systems at present, widely using three-dimensional models of the real world and a subject-game learning environment for the development of a child. The prospects for using Lego technology are determined by its high educational capabilities: versatility, technical and aesthetic characteristics, use in various play and educational areas. With the help of Lego technologies, educational tasks of different levels are formed - a kind of learning principle “step by step”, key to Lego pedagogy.

The Lego Design course program is aimed at developing in children of primary school age such important components of activity as the ability to set a goal, select the means to achieve it, and make efforts to accurately match the result with the plan.

The inclinations of creative activity are inherent in any person, you just need to be able to discover and develop them, therefore the pedagogical expediency of this program lies in the development of constructive skills, imagination in younger schoolchildren, broadening their horizons, creating conditions in which children can demonstrate their individual abilities and abilities when participating in group work. This program will make it possible to implement the use of modern communication and information technologies for the development of communication skills, creative abilities of children, for solving cognitive, research and communication problems.

The goal of the program: the development of primary scientific, technical and spatial thinking, creativity of students through educational Lego constructors.

Purpose: the educational program of the Lego Design course is propaedeutic and serves to prepare for further study of the Robotics course using computer technology.

Implementation period and lesson schedule: the total amount of educational time is 34 hours for one year of education for children aged 7-9 years.

Planned results of mastering the program.

During the course, meta-subject results are mainly formed and developed, such as:

· the ability to independently plan ways to achieve goals, including alternative ones, to consciously choose the most effective ways to solve educational and cognitive problems;

· the ability to evaluate the correctness of completing a learning task and one’s own capabilities to solve it;

· ability to create, apply and transform models according to the scheme to solve educational and cognitive problems;

· mastery of the basics of self-control, self-esteem, decision-making and making informed choices in educational and cognitive activities;

· ability to organize educational cooperation and joint activities with the teacher and peers; work individually and in a group; find a common solution and resolve conflicts based on coordinating positions and taking into account interests; formulate, argue and defend your opinion.

At the same time, a significant contribution is made to the development of personal results, such as:

· the formation of a responsible attitude towards learning, the readiness and ability of students for self-development and self-education based on motivation for learning and knowledge, the formation of a respectful attitude towards work;

· formation of communicative competence in communication and cooperation with peers, older and younger children, adults in the process of educational, training, research, and creative activities.

Subject results of studying the course “Lightweight construction”:

Students will learn

· identify and name Lego parts, accurately classify them by shape, size and color;

· identify and name types of structures (flat, volumetric);

· use different methods of connecting parts in models (fixed and movable);

· independently or with the help of a teacher, construct a model according to the conditions set by an adult, according to a sample, according to a drawing, according to a given scheme, according to a plan;

· independently determine the number of parts in the model design.

Students will have the opportunity to learn

· implement a creative Lego project independently or in a group activity;

· participate in contests and competitions in Legoconstruction.

Main content.

First steps. Getting to know Lego.

Introductory lesson. Safety briefing.

Familiarization with the configuration and names of parts.

Linear and two-dimensional LEGO structures.

Creating a house design according to a given scheme

Creation of the “House of the Future” design

Principal and basic models

Gear. The direction and speed of rotation of two gears of the same size.

Assembling a three-dimensional model according to the diagram.

Classification of gears.

Spur wheel. Driven wheel, driving wheel.

Assembling a three-dimensional part with gears according to the diagram.

Designs with three gears.

Gear wheels. Gear.

Design that increases rotation speed.

Design with two gears of different sizes. Calculation of gear ratio. Creating a mixer model based on specified properties.

Reducing rotation speed

Design to reduce rotation speed. Proportion.

"Bicycle for riding in the mountains"

Creating a design by describing its properties

Crown gear. Torque operation at an angle of 90º. Gearing at an angle of 90º Gear ratio..

Decrease/Increase rotation speed

Creative work. Ice cream cart.

and basic models.

Sliding model. Roller model.

Ramp. Wheels. Sliding friction, rolling friction.

Model with one fixed axis and

model with separate axes. Cars

Comparison of maneuverability of models with different types of axles.

Lesson-competition. Car for Santa Claus. Car racing.

Models with one fixed axis and with separate axles.

Creating a model by specifying properties. Wheelbarrow

Tilt angle, speed, rolling friction, sliding friction.

Ongoing diagnostic work. Creative task Free topic.

Use of all studied design techniques.

and basic models.

Principal models. Levers and axles.

Levers of the first kind. Dependence of force on the length of the lever.

Creative task “Barrier”

Creating your own project using a barrier

Levers of the first kind. Axis of rotation, load, force.

Lesson-competition “Catapult”. Creating a catapult model according to your own design.

and basic models.

Fundamental models "Pulleys"

Driven pulley, driving pulley. Direction of rotation

Assembling the structure according to its diagram.

Changing the direction of movement.

Rotation direction prediction

Increasing rotation speed. Angular velocity.

Reducing rotation speed.

changing the direction of movement.

A simple fixed pulley, or “Block” -

Lifting crane. Creating a model by specifying properties.

Conducting tests and assessing the performance of the crane model.

Changing the speed, direction of rotation.

Drive pulley, driven pulley, slippage.

Creative task “Elevator”

Design by specifying properties.

Final diagnostic work. Creating a model using a constructor according to your own design “Amusement Park”

With the help of the LEGO Simple Machines set, children can learn the operation of simple and complex mechanisms used in everyday life: gears, levers, rollers, wheels, axles. The set consists of sixteen standard models, four basic models and four practice models.

The LEGO Simple Mechanisms construction set is an exploration set for little ones that introduces children to simple mechanisms found in everyday life. The difficulty level is designed for 5-9 years, therefore, the solution will be of interest to primary schoolchildren and kindergarten students.

Using LEGO “Simple Mechanisms” children:

• They will assemble their first mechanisms;
• In an interesting playful way, they will get acquainted with the work of pulleys, flywheels, levers, gears, axles;
• Learn to design and build models following a drawing;
• They will conduct small experiments.

The LEGO Simple Machines set includes over 200 components:

• Plastic figures of men;
• Building blocks (plates, bricks, etc.);
• Axles, pulleys, wheels, gears;
• Blades, wings, scales;
• Color drawings for assembling models.

To ensure that parts do not get mixed up or get lost, and that work during the lesson is organized, a special sorting tray is included with the kit. The set also included teaching materials for teachers, which must be purchased separately.

Teacher's Book for LEGO "Simple Machines" contains:

• The theoretical part, which explains basic engineering terms and physical phenomena.
• Visual aids for classroom lessons - diagrams and photographs.
• Handouts and recommendations for teachers.

In total, the guys will have to build 16 standard and 4 basic models. Four practical tasks will help you consolidate your knowledge.